Grinding-head.



I A. CRAIG.

GRINDING HEAD. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 12, 1914 Patented Jan. 11, 1916.

Z Mala enlarged, fragmentary, front elevation,

pnrrnn srairs radiant oration.

JAMES ARGHIBALD CRAIG, OF TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA, ASSIGNOR OF TWO- THIRDS TO WILLIAM J. CANT, OF LANCASTER. NEW YORK.

GRINDING-HEAD.

Application filed December 12, 1914.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAMES i'knci-rnsaiio CRAIG, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Toronto, Province of Ontario, and Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in GrindingHeads, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The general object of my invention has been to provide an interlocking means by means of which two rotating parts or disks of a grinding head may be securely clamped or locked together without the use of bolts, screws, or the like. Moreover, the parts provided with my locking means may be quickly attached to or detached from each other, and when being locked the parts of the lock are placed in engagement and given a slight relative rotation, whereupon they will be securely locked against separation and further relative rotation in the same direction.

Furthermore, I have sought to provide a means by which to attach the grinding plates of grinding machines to the heads of these machines, without the use of bolts or screws passing through the grinding face of the plates, thereby making it possible to provide grinding plates which have an unbroken and maximum grinding surface. Moreover, each side of the grinding plate may be provided with teeth and be reversed when one side is worn.

My invention also provides for grinding plates having teeth so shaped that the use of stops in the grooves between the teeth shall be obviated, and in which the materials being ground shall be forced into gradually narrowing tooth spaces as they approach the outer periphery of the grinding plates.

Another object has been to provide means whereby grinding'plates may be quickly and easily secured to existing grinding heads.

The above objects and advantages have been accomplished by the device shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, forming part of this specification, like characters of reference indicate like parts throughout the several views of which: Figure 1 shows a longitudinal, sectional elevation of the interlocking means of my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse, sectional elevation of the same, taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is an Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. ill, i916.

Eterial No. 876,819.

and shows one portion of the irregularly shaped peripheries of the parts of my lock. Fig. i is a longitudinal, sectional elevation of my locking means and shows its use in connection with the grinding head and plates of a grinding machine. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of theparts illustrated in Fig. 4, showing one-half of the grinding plates in section, and also the form of the teeth provided on the grinding plates. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary, end elevation of one of the grinding plates, showing the form of the grinding teeth thereon. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary, transverse Section taken at the root of one of the teeth, and shows the gradual decreasing depth toward the outer periphery. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal, sectional elevation of a grinding head and an adapter, whereby my locking means and grinding plates may be used on existing grinding machlnes.

While my device is peculiarly adaptable to the securing of grinding plates to the heads of grinding machines, I have shown in Figs. 1 and 2, its general application to two rotating parts or disks of any class or type.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, 10 and 11 represent two shafts which are secured together by my locking means. The shaft 1Q is provided with the socket member 12 of my locking means, and the shaft 11 is provided with the stud member 13 thereof. The stud and socket members of my device, inany form of its application, are each provided with an irregularly shaped periphery of coacting beveled edges so arranged that when placed together and given a partial relative rotation they will lock against separation and further relative rotation. For instance, if the part 10 is to be the driving shaft, rotatable in a counterclockwise clirection, and the part 11 the driven shaft, then the part 10 will be relatively rotated counterclockwise, or the part 11 relatively rotated clockwise, until the members 12 and 13 have come into locking engagement. The

part 10 will now drive the part 11, if rotions are surfaces 15, preferably curved and of large radii (see Fig. 3). The periphery of the stud member is beveled, and therefore larger in diameter at its outer end than it is at its inner end, when measured in the same longitudinal plane. The shaft is preferably provided with a recess 16, immediately behind the stud member 18. The socket member 12 is provided with a recess having the same shaped periphery as the stud member 18, and is also beveled inwardlyso as to co-act with the periphery formed on the stud member. The diameter of the periphery of the recess in the socket member is smaller at the outer edge and larger at thebottom of the recess. In order that the parts may be put together, the smaller diameter of the socket recess is slightly larger than the larger diameter of the stud member. When assembled, the parts are placed so that the irregular surfaces will register and are then moved into engagement, and the driving part is given a slight rotation in the direction it is designed to rotate, whereupon the projections 1 1 will move beneath the inwardly flanged, larger curved surfaces of the socket member. The surfaces are so designed that the diameter of the stud member, measured across the projections 14, is greater than the diameter of the socket memberwhen measured across the large curved surfaces, and for this reason, it is impossible for the stud member to turn beyond a predetermined point. It will be seen that when the parts are relatively turned, the projections will draw the stud member firmly into the socket member and tightly against the co-acting surfaces. It is obvious that many other irregularly shaped surfaces may be used than the eight-sided figure shown, and I do not wish to'limit myself to this exact form of surface.

In Figs. 4 and 5, 17 represents the shaft ofthe grinding machine, and 18 the grinding head thereof. When my device is to be used in grind ng machines, the grinding heads are preferably provided with two socket members so that the usual roughening and finishing. grinding plates may be used. Thegrinding head 18 is provided with a socket member 19 for the finishing, grinding plate 20, and a socket member 21 for the roughening, grinding plate 22. These socket members are formed with irregularly shaped and beveled edge surfaces, like those just above described. The finishing, grinding plate 20 is provided with a comminuting surface on each face thereof, and is provided at the center of its periphery with an annular groove 23. From each face, extending inwardly to the annular groove 23, the plate is provided with an irregularly shaped and beveled surface 24, m n h tud me bere t e o k means. These beveled surfaces 24 each fit into and are lockingly engageable with the socket 19, which is provided with a coacting, irregularly shaped recess. The roughening, grinding plate 22 is provided preferably on only one of its faces with a comminuting surface. The periphery of this face 25 is preferably cylindrical and of substantially the same diameter as the diameter of the inner periphery of the finishing, grinding plate 20, so that the joint between the two plates is closed against the entrance of the material being ground, or any foreign substance. The opposite face of the roughening plate 22 is provided with an irregularly shaped and beveled periphery 26, which co-acts and fits into the socket member 21 of the head 18.

27 is an annular recess, which is preferably formed in the center of the periphery of the roughening plate and immediately behind the stud portion thereof.

The comminuting faces of my grinding plates are each provided with a plurality of saw-shaped teeth (see Fig. 6). These teeth are so shaped that they curve backwardly in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the head, and each is slightly greater in width at its inner end than at its outer end (see Fig. The teeth are spaced apart slightly more at their inner ends than at their outer ends, whereby the teeth are arranged in a plurality of series. Each successive tooth starts at a tangent from a circle, which is greater than the preceding circle so that When five or six teeth have been cut, the last tooth extends at such an angle to a radial line drawn through the plate that it is necessary to start a new series of five or six teeth. Each starting tooth 28 extends frcm the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the plate and is called the breaking tooth. Each next, successive, full, tooth 32, 31. 30 and 29 starts at a point which is nearer the inner periphery of the grinding plate than the preceding one, so that space is left at the inner periphery for the ready entrance of the material being ground. A. series of short teeth 33 fill in the space between the roughening tooth 28, and the next adjacent full tooth 29. The root of each of the teeth gradually decreases from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the plate, as clearly shown in Fig. 7, thus producing on the material a crowding action toward the outer ieriphery. By means of the decreasing width and depth and the curved form of the teeth, it is possible to dispense with the customary use of stops in the space between ground, within a small and more confined space until it reaches the outer periphery here i is e r s e filelser eeere of the teeth of one wheel, while acting with.

the curved teeth of the oppositely set wheel. produce a shearing action on the material being ground and by this construction it is not necessary that the plates touch or rub against each other in order to produce finely ground material, but the plates may be adjusted so as to move in very close proximity to each other, but not actually contact. For these reasons, the grinding plates of my device will wear a great deal longer than the grlnding plates which'must contact in order to properly grind. Furthermore, because of the lock used in my device, it is possible to provide each face of the finishing, grinding plate with teeth covering the entire area of the comminuting surface, and thus get a double use out of each finishing, grinding plate. Obviously, if desired, the roughening plate may also be provided with teeth and a stud member at each side thereof.

In order that my plates and locking means may be attached to existing grinding heads without the necessity of the removal and replacement of till.) heads, I have provided an adapting socket member 34, (see Fig. 8) which is provided with sockets 35 and 36, exactly like those formed in the grinding head .18. This adapting socket member is made with an outside diameter equal to the inside diameter of the flange 37 of the grinding head so that the ring may be centered. The ring is nlaced in position and a plurality of preferably countersunk screws or bolts 39 are passed through the plate and nto the grinding head 38, or otherwise secured thereto by any well known means.

Obviously, some modifications of the details herein shown and described may be made without departing from the spirit of m invention or the scope of the appended claims, and I do not wish to be limited to the exact embodiment herein shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A grinding head comprising an annular disk provided with integral, beveled, peripheral interlocking means, said annular glisk being provided with a comminuting ace.

2. A grinding head comprising an annular disk provided with integral, beveled, peripheral interlocking means, said annular gl sk being provided with comminuting aces.

3. A grinding head comprising a plurality of annular disks each provided with integral, beveled, peripheral interlocking means, and each of said disks being provided with comm nuting faces.

4. A grinding disk provided with cutting teeth formed on its comminuting surface, said teeth being arranged in a. plurality of series, each series comprising a mainbreaking tooth and a succession of substantially full, intermediate, breaking teeth between each of said main breaking teeth, and a series ofshort teeth between the main breaktially full, "intermediate, breaking teeth between each of said main breaking teeth and a series of short teeth between the main breaking tooth and the next rearward, full tooth.

6. A grinding disk having a maximum comminuting surface and provided with cutting teeth formed on said surface, said teeth diverging from the outer periphery of said disk and being arranged in a plurality of series, and each successive tooth of each series having its inner end tangent to a circle of larger diameter than the diameter of the circle to which the next following tooth is tangent.

7. A grinding disk having a maximum comminuting surface provided with cutting teeth formed on said surface, saidteeth diverging from the outer periphery of said disk and being arranged in a plurality of series, each series comprising a main curved, breaking tooth and a succession of substantially full, intermediate breaking teeth between each of said main breaking teeth, and each successive full tooth having its inner and tangent to a circle of larger diameter than the diameter of the circle to which the next following full tooth is tangent.

8. A grinding disk having a maximum comminuting surface and provided with cutting teeth formed on said surface, said teeth diverging from the outer periphery of said disk and being arranged in a plurality of series, the teeth of each series each having its inner end tangent to a circle of larger diameter than the diameter of the circle to which the next following tooth is tangent, and the root of each of said teeth gradually decreasing in depth toward the outer periphery of the grinding plate.

9. A grinding disk having a maximum comminuting surface provided with cutting teeth formed on said surface, said teeth being arranged in a plurality of series, each series comprising a main curved, breaking tooth and a succession of substantially full, intermediate, breaking teeth between each of said main breaking teeth, a series of short teeth between the breaking tooth and the next rearward, full tooth, and each full tooth having its inner end tangent to a circle of larger diameter than the diameter of the circle to which the next preceding, full tooth is tangent.

of said teeth gradually decreasing in depth toward the outer periphery of the grinding plate.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name-in the-presence of two subscribing Witnesses JAMES AROHIBALD CRAIG. Witnesses:

J ELLIS, WVALT R IiELLEY.

10. A grinding disk provided with cutting teeth formed on its comminuting' surface, said teeth being arranged in plurality of series, each series comprising a 5 main curved, breaking tooth andla succession of substantially full, intermediate, breaking teeth between each of said main breaking teeth, a series of .short teeth between the main breaking tooth and the .next

10' rearward, full tooth, and the root .of each copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Gommissipner of Patents,

' Washingtonfl). 0;" 

